1789
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 17th century – 18th century – 19th century |
| Decades: | 1750s 1760s 1770s – 1780s – 1790s 1800s 1810s |
| Years: | 1786 1787 1788 – 1789 – 1790 1791 1792 |
| 1789 in topic: |
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| Art – Literature ( Poetry) – Music – Science |
| Countries: Australia – Canada – Great Britain – United States |
| Leaders: State leaders – Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Births – Deaths – Works |
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar).
1789 was the year of the first French Revolution, which ultimately overthrew the French monarchy and triggered a series of European wars that lasted until the final defeat of Napoleon in 1815. The French Revolution was a watershed historical event that drew the age of unlimited monarchies to a close and ushered in the tumultuous 19th century.
Events of 1789
January - June
- January 7 - First nationwide United States election is held.
- January 21 - The first American novel, The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed in Boston, Massachusetts.
- January 23 - Georgetown University becomes the first Catholic college in the United States (Washington, DC).
- February 4 - George Washington is unanimously elected the first President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College.
- March 4 - At Federal Hall in New York City, the first U.S. Congress meets and declares the new Constitution of the United States to be in effect.
- March 18 - The last burning at the stake took place at Newgate when Catherine (or Christian) Murphy was executed for High Treason coining.
- April 1 - At Federal Hall in New York City, the United States House of Representatives attains its first quorum and elects Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania as its first House Speaker.
- April 7 - Change of Ottoman sultan of the Ottoman Empire from Abd-ul-Hamid I (1773-1789) to Selim III (1789-1807).
- April 28 - Fletcher Christian leads a mutiny on HMS Bounty against Captain William Bligh.
- April 30 - George Washington is inaugurated at Federal Hall in New York City, beginning his term as the 1st President of the United States.
- May 5 - In France, the Estates-General convenes for the first time in 175 years.
- June 14 - Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 4,000 mile journey in an open boat.
- June 17 - In France, representatives of the Third Estate at the Estates-General declare themselves the National Assembly.
- June 20 - Tennis Court Oath made in Versailles.
July - December
- July 9
- In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
- Official end of the Theatre War.
- July 10 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches Mackenzie River Delta.
- July 11 - King of France fires popular chief minister Necker.
- July 12 - Angry Parisian crowd demonstrates against King’s decision to dismiss minister Necker.
- July 14 - French Revolution (1789-1799) begins: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners. In rural areas, peasants attack noble manors.
- July 27 - The first U.S. federal government agency under the new Constitution, the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed the Department of State), is established.
- August 4 - In France, members of the Constituent Assembly take an oath to end feudalism and abandon their privileges.
- August 7 - The United States War Department is established.
- August 26 - Declaration of the Rights of Man in France.
- August 28 - William Herschel discovers Enceladus, one of Saturn's moons.
- September 2 - United States Department of the Treasury is founded.
- September 22 - Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792: Alexander Suvorov roundly defeats the 100,000 Turks in the Battle of Rymnik.
- September 24 - The Judiciary Act of 1789 establishes the federal judiciary and the United States Marshals Service.
- September 25 - The United States Congress proposes a set of twelve amendments for ratification by the states. Ratification for ten of these proposals is completed on December 5, 1791, creating the United States Bill of Rights.
- September 29 - The United States War Department first establishes the nation's first regular army, with a strength of several hundred men.
- November 6 - Pope Pius VI appoints Father John Carroll (priest) the first Roman Catholic bishop in the United States.
- November 20 - New Jersey ratifies the United States Bill of Rights, the first state to do so.
- November 21 - North Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 12th U.S. state.
- November 26 - A national Thanksgiving Day is observed in the United States as recommended by President George Washington and approved by Congress.
- December 11 - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is founded, it stands as the oldest public university in the United States.
Undated
- Thomas Jefferson returns from Europe, bringing the first macaroni machine to the United States.
- Influenced by Dr. Benjamin Rush's argument against excessive use of alcohol, about 200 farmers in a Connecticut community formed a temperance association.
- Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor decrees that all peasant labor obligations be converted into cash payments.
- Fort Washington is built in Cincinnati, Ohio, to protect early US settlements in the Northwest Territory.
Ongoing
- Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
- Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1789 MDCCLXXXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2542 |
| Armenian calendar | 1238 ԹՎ ՌՄԼԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6539 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -55–-54 |
| Bengali calendar | 1196 |
| Berber calendar | 2739 |
| British Regnal year | 29 Geo. 3 – 30 Geo. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2333 |
| Burmese calendar | 1151 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7297–7298 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊申年十二月初六日 (4425/4485-12-6) — to — 己酉年十一月十五日(4426/4486-11-15) |
| Coptic calendar | 1505–1506 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1781–1782 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5549–5550 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1845–1846 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1711–1712 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4890–4891 |
| Holocene calendar | 11789 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 789–790 |
| Iranian calendar | 1167–1168 |
| Islamic calendar | 1203–1204 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenmei 9 Kansei 1 (寛政元年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 11 days |
| Korean calendar | 4122 |
| Minguo calendar | 123 before ROC 民前123年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2332 |
- January 4 - Benjamin Lundy, American abolitionist (died 1839)
- January 12 - Ettore Perrone di San Martino, prime minister of Sardinia (died 1849)
- January 21 - William Machin Stairs, Canadian businessman and statesman (died 1865)
- March 16 - Georg Ohm, German physicist (died 1854)
- July 19 - John Martin, English painter (died 1854)
- August 21 - Augustin Louis Cauchy, French mathematician (died 1857)
- August 28 - Stephanie de Beauharnais, Grand Duchess of Baden (died 1860)
- September 15 - James Fenimore Cooper, American writer (died 1851)
- October 8 - William John Swainson an English naturalist and artist (died 1855).
- December 28 - Catharine Sedgwick, American writer (died 1867)
- date unknown - Mohammad Ibrahim Zauq, Urdu poet (died 1854)
Deaths
- January 1 - Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English politician (born 1716)
- January 8 - Jack Broughton, English boxer (born 1703)
- January 23 - Frances Brooke, English writer (born 1724)
- February 19 - Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (born 1738)
- April 7 - Abd-ul-Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (born 1725)
- April 7 - Petrus Camper, Dutch anatomist (born 1722)
- April 26 - Count Petr Ivanovich Panin, Russian soldier (born 1721)
- May 1 - George Fife Angas, Founder of South Australia (died 1879)
- May 9 - Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French artillery specialist (born 1715)
- May 25 - Anders Dahl, Swedish botanist (born 1751)
- June 4 - Prince Louis-Joseph of France, son of Louis XVI of France (tuberculosis) (born 1781)
- July 13 - Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (born 1715)
- July 14 - Jacques de Flesselles, French provost (assassinated) (born 1721)
- July 15 - Jacques Duphly, French composer (born 1715)
- July 22 - Joseph-François Foulon, French politician (executed) (born 1715)
- October 27 - John Cook, American farmer and President of Delaware (born 1730)
- December 3 - Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (born 1714)
- December 12 - John Ponsonby, Irish politician (born 1713)
- December 23 - Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French philanthropist and developer of signed French (born 1712)
