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1831

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries: 18th century19th century20th century
Decades: 1800s  1810s  1820s  – 1830s –   1840s   1850s   1860s
Years: 1828 1829 183018311832 1833 1834
1831 in topic:
Humanities
Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music
By country
Australia – Canada – France – Germany – Mexico – Philippines – South Africa – US – UK
Other topics
Rail Transport – Science – Sports
Lists of leaders
Colonial Governors – State leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
Works
1831 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1831
MDCCCXXXI
Ab urbe condita 2584
Armenian calendar 1280
ԹՎ ՌՄՁ
Assyrian calendar 6581
Bahá'í calendar -13–-12
Bengali calendar 1238
Berber calendar 2781
British Regnal year Will. 4 – 2 Will. 4
Buddhist calendar 2375
Burmese calendar 1193
Byzantine calendar 7339–7340
Chinese calendar 庚寅年十一月十八日
(4467/4527-11-18)
— to —
辛卯年十一月廿八日
(4468/4528-11-28)
Coptic calendar 1547–1548
Ethiopian calendar 1823–1824
Hebrew calendar 5591–5592
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1887–1888
 - Shaka Samvat 1753–1754
 - Kali Yuga 4932–4933
Holocene calendar 11831
Igbo calendar
 - Ǹrí Ìgbò 831–832
Iranian calendar 1209–1210
Islamic calendar 1246–1247
Japanese calendar Tenpō 2
(天保2年)
Juche calendar N/A (before 1912)
Julian calendar Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar 4164
Minguo calendar 81 before ROC
民前81年
Thai solar calendar 2374


Year 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

  • January 1 – William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing The Liberator, an antislavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts.
  • January 14 – The Hunchback of Notre Dame is first published by Victor Hugo.
  • February–March – Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austrian troops.
  • February 2 – Pope Gregory XVI succeeds Pope Pius VIII as the 254th pope.
  • February 14 – Battle of Debre Abbay: Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills the warlord Sabagadis.
  • February 20 – Battle of Grochow: Polish rebel forces divide a Russian army.
  • March 10 – The French Foreign Legion is founded.
  • March 29 – The Great Bosnian uprising against the Ottoman Empire begins.

April–June

  • April 7 – Pedro I abdicates as emperor of Brazil in favour of his 5-year old son Pedro II, who will reign for almost 59 years.
  • April 18 – University of Alabama founded.
  • April 27 – Charles Albert becomes king of Sardinia after the death of King Charles Felix.
  • May 26 – Battle of Ostrołęka: The Poles fight another indecisive battle.
  • May–June – Merthyr Rising 1831: Coal miners and others riot in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales for improved working conditions.

July–September

July 21: Léopold I of Belgium
  • July 21 – Léopold I of Belgium is inaugurated as first king of the Belgians.
  • August 2 – The Dutch ten-day campaign in Belgium is halted by a French army.
  • August 7 – American Baptist minister William Miller preaches his first sermon on the Second Advent of Christ in Dresden, New York, launching the Advent Movement in the United States.
  • August 21 – USA: Nat Turner's slave rebellion breaks out in Southampton County, Virginia.
  • September 6– September 8 – Battle of Warsaw: The Russians take the Polish capital and crush resistance.

October–December

  • November 7 – Slave trading is forbidden in Brazil.
  • November 22 – After a bloody battle with the military causing 600 casualties, rebellious silkworkers seize Lyon, France, beginning the First Canut Revolt.
  • December 27 – Charles Darwin embarks on his historic voyage aboard HMS Beagle.
  • December 31 – Gramercy Park is deeded to New York City.

Date unknown

  • The Sydney Morning Herald newspaper is first published.
  • Muhammad Ali of Egypt's French-trained forces occupy Syria.
  • Rifa'a el-Tahtawi returns from study in Paris to Egypt.
  • Founding of:
    • Denison University in Granville, Ohio
    • Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut
    • New York University in New York City
    • Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio (as "The Athenaeum")

Births

January–June

  • January 7 – Heinrich von Stephan, German postal union organizer (d. 1897)
  • January 8 – John Stith Pemberton, Inventor of Coca-Cola (d. 1888)
  • February 24 – Leo von Caprivi, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1899)
  • March 3 – George Pullman, American inventor and industrialist (d. 1897)
  • March 6 – Philip Sheridan, American general (d. 1888)
  • March 12 – Clement Studebaker, American automobile pioneer (d. 1901)
  • March 16 – Elise Hwasser, Swedish artist (d. 1894)
  • March 20 – Solomon L. Spink, U.S. Congressman from Illinois (d. 1881)
  • June 1 – John Bell Hood, American Confederate general (d. 1879)
  • June 2 – Jan Gerard Palm, composer (d. 1906)
  • June 13 – James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish physicist (d. 1879)
  • June 28 – Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (d. 1907)

July–December

  • July 17 – Xianfeng Emperor of China (d. 1861)
  • July 22 – Emperor Kōmei of Japan (d. 1867)
  • August 12 – Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Russian-born author and theosophist (d. 1891)
  • September 18 – Siegfried Marcus, German-born automobile pioneer (d. 1898)
  • September 20 – Kate Harrington, American teacher, writer and poet (d. 1917)
  • September 29 – John Schofield, American general (d. 1906)
  • October 6 – Richard Dedekind, German mathematician (d. 1916)
  • October 18 – Emperor Frederick III of Germany (d. 1888)
  • October 29 – Othniel Charles Marsh, American paleontologist (d. 1899)
  • October 31 – Romualdo Pacheco, Governor of California (d. 1899)
  • November 19 – James A. Garfield, 20th United States President (d. 1881)
  • November 26 – Anna Leonowens, Anna of The King and I
  • December 19 – Bernice Pauahi Bishop, Hawaiian aliʻi

Deaths

January–June

  • January 21 – Achim von Arnim, German poet (b. 1781)
  • February 14
    • Vicente Guerrero, President of Mexico, Independence War hero (b. 1782)
    • Marye of Yejju, Ethiopian Ras
    • Sabagadis, Ethiopian warlord
  • February 17 – Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (b. 1785)
  • February 25 – Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (b. 1752)
  • April 5 – Dmitry Senyavin, Russian admiral (b. 1763)
  • April 20 – John Abernethy (surgeon) (b. 1764)
  • April 27 – Charles Felix of Savoy, King of Sardinia (b. 1765)
  • April 30 – Collet Barker, British military officer and explorer (b. 1784)
  • June 27 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician (b. 1776)

July–December

  • July 4 – James Monroe, 5th President of the United States (b. 1758)
  • July 16 – Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, Russian general (b. 1763)
  • August 24 – August von Gneisenau, Prussian field marshal (b. 1760)
  • November 11 – Nat Turner, American slave rebel (b. 1800)
  • November 14 – Georg Hegel, German philosopher (b. 1770)
  • November 16 – Carl von Clausewitz, German military strategist (b. 1780)
  • December 26 – Henry Louis Vivian Derozio, Indian Poet (b. 1809)
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